Social Movements and Policy Entrenchment.

A vast scholarship shows that social movements can play pivotal roles in bringing about policies that benefit marginalized groups. However, the role of social movements in entrenching those policies--ensuring they take root--remains insufficiently studied. We set a research agenda for the study of how social movements shape policy entrenchment by calling attention to three commonly used strategies--occupying state bureaucracies, engaging in pressure and persuasion tactics, and building alliances with political parties--and analyzing the relationships among them. We illustrate these strategies through short case studies of social movements that achieved significant change benefitting marginalized groups in Latin America: the health movement in Brazil, the unemployed workers' movements in Argentina, and peasant and indigenous movements in Bolivia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]