Back to Search Start Over

Effect of low vs. high vancomycin trough level on the clinical outcomes of adult patients with sepsis or gram-positive bacterial infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors :
Chander, Subhash
Kumari, Roopa
Wang, Hong Yu
Mohammed, Yaqub Nadeem
Parkash, Om
Lohana, Sindhu
Sorath, FNU
Lohana, Abhi Chand
Sadarat, FNU
Shiwlani, Sheena
Source :
BMC Infectious Diseases. 10/8/2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1-16. 16p.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Background & objective: The Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines recommend vancomycin trough levels of 15–20 mg/L for severe methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, recent consensus guidelines of four infectious disease organizations no longer recommend vancomycin dosing using minimum serum trough concentrations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of low (< 15 mg/L) vs. high (≥ 15 mg/L) vancomycin trough levels on clinical outcomes in adult patients with sepsis or gram-positive bacterial infections. Method: A systematic literature review from inception to December 2022 was conducted using four online databases, followed by a meta-analysis. The outcomes of interest included clinical response/efficacy, microbial clearance, length of ICU stay, treatment failure, nephrotoxicity, and mortality. Results: Fourteen cohort studies met the inclusion criteria from which vancomycin trough concentration data were available for 5,228 participants. Our analysis found no association between vancomycin trough levels and clinical response [OR = 1.06 (95%CI 0.41–2.72], p = 0.91], microbial clearance [OR = 0.47 (95% CI 0.23–0.96), p = 0.04], ICU length of stay [MD=-1.01 (95%CI -5.73–3.71), p = 0.68], or nephrotoxicity [OR = 0.57 (95% CI 0.31–1.06), p = 0.07]. However, low trough levels were associated with a non-significant trend towards a lower risk of treatment failure [OR = 0.89 (95% CI 0.73–1.10), p = 0.28] and were significantly associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality [OR = 0.74 (95% CI 0.62–0.90), p = 0.002]. Conclusion: Except for a lower risk of treatment failure and all-cause mortality at low vancomycin trough levels, this meta-analysis found no significant association between vancomycin trough levels and clinical outcomes in adult patients with sepsis or gram-positive bacterial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
14712334
Volume :
24
Issue :
1
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
BMC Infectious Diseases
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
180130691
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09927-4