BÜYÜK AYRIŞMA TARTIŞMASINDAKİ BAŞLICA HİPOTEZ VE TEORİLER.

The subject of this paper is the hypotheses and theories purposed at explaining the divergence between Europe and the world, which emerged with global imperialism in the last five hundred years and became evident with the Industrial Revolution. This subject was revived with Kenneth Pomeranz's work The Great Divergence, published in 2000, and continued under the title The Great Divergence. In this paper, major studies on the subject are presented and a general evaluation is made in the conclusion section. Hypotheses on the subject are discussed in this article by classifying them under the headings of natural factors and cultural-institutional factors. It cannot be said that the subject of the Great Divergence, for which hundreds of books and thousands of articles have been produced, has been able to reach a satisfactory explanation. For this, first of all, the disconnection between economic history and economic theory must be eliminated. However, it is also imperative to abandon Eurocentric explanations that have permeated the social sciences. An important problem seen in some of the hypotheses on the subject is that the conditions for falsification are not determined. This situation reduces the scientific value of the relevant studies by eliminating testability. One-dimensional or reductionist explanations do not allow the phenomenon to be understood. Therefore, a satisfactory explanation must take into account natural and cultural factors together. The multitude of factors that led to the Great Divergence have dragged the issue into an inextricable confusion. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a hierarchy or degree of importance among the factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]