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CD4+ T cells re-wire granuloma cellularity and regulatory networks to promote immunomodulation following Mtb reinfection.
- Source :
-
Immunity (10747613) . Oct2024, Vol. 57 Issue 10, p2380-23239. 20860p. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Immunological priming—in the context of either prior infection or vaccination—elicits protective responses against subsequent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. However, the changes that occur in the lung cellular milieu post-primary Mtb infection and their contributions to protection upon reinfection remain poorly understood. Using clinical and microbiological endpoints in a non-human primate reinfection model, we demonstrated that prior Mtb infection elicited a long-lasting protective response against subsequent Mtb exposure and was CD4+ T cell dependent. By analyzing data from primary infection, reinfection, and reinfection-CD4+ T cell-depleted granulomas, we found that the presence of CD4+ T cells during reinfection resulted in a less inflammatory lung milieu characterized by reprogrammed CD8+ T cells, reduced neutrophilia, and blunted type 1 immune signaling among myeloid cells. These results open avenues for developing vaccines and therapeutics that not only target lymphocytes but also modulate innate immune cells to limit tuberculosis (TB) disease. [Display omitted] • CD4+ T cells are required for protection against Mtb reinfection in macaques • Mtb reinfection promotes immuno-modulatory CD8+ T cell-biased immunity • Myeloid-derived cells downregulate gene networks implicated in TB susceptibility • Self-reinforcing cellular circuits balance host immunity in reinfection granulomas Th1 CD4+ T cells mediate protective anti- Mtb immunity across biological systems and organisms. Bromley, Ganchua, et al. demonstrate that CD4+ T cells regulate immune tone in TB granulomas and are necessary for immune recall and protection against reinfection. Following reinfection, CD4+ T cells facilitate the development of a growth restrictive niche via the induction of immuno-modulatory genes and cellular interaction networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 10747613
- Volume :
- 57
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Immunity (10747613)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 180090150
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2024.08.002