Riesgos quirúrgicos en pacientes con hipertensión según el grado.

The aim of this literature review was to analyze the perioperative management of patients with hypertension, identifying the main associated risks and evidence-based practices that optimize clinical outcomes and improve safety. To this end, six articles were selected from various databases such as Scopus, ERJ Open Research, Redalyc, Scielo, and Web of Science, following the PRISMA 2020 criteria. The studies covered topics related to the management of hypertension in surgical contexts and its complications. Among the risks identified are myocardial infarction, stroke, intraoperative hemorrhages, and kidney damage, especially in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. The results of the studies highlight the importance of rigorous blood pressure control, as well as continuous monitoring during the surgical procedure. Regarding recommended practices, the individualized adjustment of antihypertensive treatments and coordination between different specialists to reduce complications are indicated. The conclusions agree that personalized and multidisciplinary management of these patients significantly reduces perioperative risks, improving their safety and short- and long-term prognosis. This review highlights the relevance of evidence-based strategies in the perioperative management of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]