INOCA and MINOCA: Coronary vasomotor disorders in clinical practice.

The article provides information on the diagnosis and management of two conditions called Ischaemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (INOCA) and Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA). These conditions are often misdiagnosed or overlooked, despite their association with chest symptoms and potential adverse cardiac events. They can be caused by issues with the small blood vessels in the heart or spasms in the coronary arteries. Specialized testing is necessary for diagnosis, and tailored therapy and risk factor management can benefit patients. The article emphasizes the importance of raising awareness among healthcare professionals to improve patient outcomes. [Extracted from the article]