Efectos tóxicos agudos y crónicos de los hidrocarburos sobre crustáceos de las familias palaemonidae y hyalellidae: revisión sistemática.

Contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in freshwater ecosystems represents a serious environmental problem. When they enter the water, either by oil spills or industrial discharges, they adhere to suspended particles, accumulating in sediments and causing them to be absorbed by aquatic organisms, such as decapods and amphipods. Therefore, to evaluate the effects of PAHs on Macrobrachium borelli and Hyalella azteca, a bibliographic compilation was made considering the axes of hydrocarbon toxicity and adaptation mechanisms for these pollutants. The results for decapods indicate a high toxicity for the water-soluble fraction with diesel, although this does not prevent normal hatching of eggs. For amphipods, it was found that, according to their mortality, it is a more sensitive species than other organisms, such as chironomids. In addition, the sublethal effects due to PAH exposure vary in the affectation in the size and behavior of the organism, as well as DNA damage. Finally, the adaptive mechanisms it possesses are not considered effective for the survival of the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]