Coupling of metal ferrites with biowaste-derived nanocomposite of calcium oxide for efficient removal of organic pollutants.

The global focus is directed towards extensive ingestion and bioaccumulation of plastic additives and organic dyes such as Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and Auramine-O (AO). However, their recalcitrant properties make them toxic chemicals and require an efficient removal strategy based on waste-derived semiconductor nanocomposite. The present study involves the structural configuration of NiFe 2 O 4 created through green methods, integrated into waste shell CaO to create the NiFe 2 O 4 @CaO (NFC) nanocomposite. P-XRD verified the crystalline catalyst, while microscopic examination unveiled spherical NiFe 2 O 4 particles decorating the irregular surface of CaO. The green NFC nanocomposite exhibited superior degradation efficiency for TBBPA (92 %) and AO (95 %) compared to the individual CaO and NiFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles under conditions of minimal pollutant concentration (10 mg L−1), utilizing a catalyst load of 30 mg at neutral pH under natural Sunlight. 1st-order reaction kinetics following early Langmuir adsorption and degradation at optimum conditions. Involvement of •OH, O 2 −•, and holes in the photocatalysis mechanism suggested that hydroxyl radicals significantly contributed to breaking complex molecules of TBBPA and AO, as revealed in Scavenger analysis. The removal of real water samples was also analyzed. The release of TBPPA from underwater, which has toy materials and electric wire materials, was investigated at various time intervals, along with the evaluation of the degradation of the leached TBBPA. Also, NFC has exhibited exceptional sustainability, retaining its usefulness over nine cycles without significant action decreases. In conclusion, the environmentally welcoming NFC is a cost-effective composite for industries and wastewater pollutants removal with good surface properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]