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Clinical and autoantibody profiles of systemic sclerosis patients: A cross-sectional study from North India.

Authors :
Ghosh, Shounak
Tanna, Dhaval
Telang, Kaustubh
Dhuria, Shahzeene
Gupta, Rajiva
Source :
Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology. Jul/Aug2024, Vol. 90 Issue 4, p440-446. 7p.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Objectives: This cross-sectional study was designed to assess the clinical profile and frequency of associated autoantibodies in all consecutive patients classified as systemic sclerosis (SSc) at Medanta—the Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, India. Methods: Between August 2017 and July 2019, we identified a total of 119 consecutive patients meeting the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) 2013 criteria for SSc and 106 patients consented to this study. Their clinical and serological data at the time of enrolment were analysed. Results: Our cohort had a mean age at symptom onset of 40 ± 13 years with a median symptom duration of 6 years. We had 76 patients (71.7%) with interstitial lung disease (ILD), which was a higher proportion compared to European cohorts. 62 pa- tients (58.5%) had diffuse cutaneous involvement which was significantly associated with anti-Scl70 antibodies (p < 0.001), digital ulcers (p = 0.039) and the presence of ILD (p = 0.004). 65 patients (61.3%) had anti-Scl70 and 15 patients (14.2%) had anti-centromere (anti-CENP) antibodies. Scl70 positivity was associated with the presence of ILD (p < 0.001) and digital ulcers (p = 0.01). Centromere antibodies had a negative association with ILD (p < 0.001), but was a risk factor for calcinosis (p < 0.001) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (p = 0.01). The combination of diffuse cutaneous disease and Scl70 antibodies was the strongest predictor of ILD and digital ulcers (p = 0.015). sm/RMP, RNP68 and Ku antibodies correlated with musculoskeletal involvement (p < 0.01), while all seven of the patients with Pm/Scl antibodies had ILD. Renal involve- ment was noted in only two patients. Limitations: A single-centre study may not capture the true prevalence of disease characteristics in the population. Referral bias for patients with diffuse cutaneous disease has been noted. Data on RNA-Polymerase antibodies have not been provided. Conclusion: North Indian patients have some characteristic differences in disease phenotype as compared to their Caucasian counterparts with a larger proportion of patients presenting with ILD and Scl70 antibodies. Antibodies against Ku, RNP and Pm/Scl occur in a minority of patients, but may be associated with musculoskeletal features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
03786323
Volume :
90
Issue :
4
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
179915327
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.25259/IJDVL_901_2022