Policy Making under Divided Government in Mexico.

Without a majority in the Congress, the president's party looses the ability to direct policy change. With only one third of the vote, the president's party can prevent any initiative from turning into law. Individual opposition parties gain influence under divided government but lack the power to veto policy change. Contrary to what critics of presidentialism have argued, political parties in presidential regimes lack in incentives to cooperate and build policy-making coalitions. Coalition-building depends on the potential gains of cooperation that both the president's party and the opposition parties can capture if they modify the status quo. Two sufficient conditions for coalition-building can be identified: an extreme position of the status quo, and the location of the president's party at the median position. This explains law change and the size of lawmaking coalitions under divided government in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]