Introduction Turkey 1923-2023 100 Years of the Republic: Foundations and Transformations.

This article discusses the significance of Turkey in current academic debates, particularly focusing on the country's political process and the authoritarian regime that has emerged in recent years. The special issue of the journal is divided into two parts, with the first part examining the early republican period and the second part exploring the transformations before and during the Erdoganist period. The articles cover a range of topics, including the economic congress of 1923, the role of ship-owners in nation-state building, the impact of secularism on various groups, the establishment of homeland security, the changing role of the peasantry, female employment, the transformation of traditional unions, the foreign policy of the AKP, the evolution of small businesses, the history of capitalism in Turkey, and the rise and decline of the AKP's authoritarian neoliberal order. The authors argue for a broader perspective and historical analysis to understand the current situation in Turkey. [Extracted from the article]