Advances in the mechanism of action of short-chain fatty acids in psoriasis.

• SCFAs participate in host immunomodulation through activation of GPCRs and inhibition of HDACs. • The involvement of SCFAs in the pathogenesis of psoriasis may be exerted through the regulation of intestinal barrier integrity and modulation of the immune system. • In innate immunity, SCFAs affect neutrophil recruitment, regulate macrophage polarization, and influence dendritic cell maturation; in adaptive immunity, they promote the differentiation of T cells to Tregs and B cells to Bregs, thus participating in immune and inflammatory responses. Psoriasis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory and immunological disorder. Its lesions are present as scaly erythema or plaques. Disruptions in the body's immune system play a significant role in developing psoriasis. Recent evidence suggests a potential role of the gut microbiome in autoimmune diseases. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the primary metabolites created by gut microbes and play a crucial fuction in autoimmunity. SCFAs act on various cells by mediating signaling to participate in host physiological and pathological processes. These processes encompass body metabolism, maintenance of intestinal barrier function, and immune system modulation. SCFAs can regulate immune cells to enhance the body's immune function, potentially influencing the prevention and treatment of psoriasis. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of SCFAs in psoriasis remain incompletely understood. This paper examines the relationship between SCFAs and psoriasis, elucidating how SCFAs influence the immune system, inflammatory response, and gut barrier in psoriasis. According to the study, in psoriasis, SCFAs have been shown to regulate neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the adaptive immune system, as well as T and B cells in the innate immune system. Additionally, we explore the role of SCFAs in psoriasis by maintaining intestinal barrier function, restoring intestinal ecological homeostasis, and investigating the potential therapeutic benefits of SCFAs for psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]