Effects of autoclave- and microwave-assisted <italic>Caulerpa lentillifera</italic> extracts on the growth rate, reproduction, immunity and oxidative stress of <italic>Daphnia magna</italic>.

<italic>Caulerpa lentillifera</italic> is a green alga that contains essential nutrients. This study investigated the effects of autoclave- and microwave-assisted <italic>C. lentillifera</italic> extracts (A-CLE and M-CLE) on the growth, reproduction, immunity, and oxidative stress in <italic>Daphnia magna</italic>. Both extracts were supplemented to <italic>D. magna</italic> at 1 to 5 g/L. The results showed that <italic>D. magna</italic> treated with 2 to 5 g/L of A-CLE produced juveniles faster than the control. Juveniles at 1 to 4 g/L A-CLE treatments increased. Moreover, juveniles in 1 g/L M-CLE treatment significantly increased, but the hatching time was not affected. A-CLE also stimulated the immunity of <italic>D. magna</italic> by increasing hemocytes in the 3 g/L treatment. Furthermore, both extracts did not affect the growth rate, phenoloxidase activity, malondialdehyde level, and catalase activity in <italic>D. magna</italic>. Therefore, our results indicated that both extracts could enhance the reproduction and immunity of <italic>D. magna</italic>. Our study is useful for the health improvement of <italic>D. magna</italic>. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]