Orbital cellulitis as a Sequelae/Complication: Clinico Bacteriological & Radiological profile.

Background: Orbital cellulitis is a severe, potentially life-threatening condition that often arises as a complication of sinusitis, trauma, or dental infections. Prompt diagnosis and effective management are crucial to prevent serious outcomes such as vision loss and intracranial complications. This case series explores the diverse clinical presentations, radiological findings, and management strategies for orbital cellulitis, with a particular focus on cases complicated by underlying systemic conditions and coexisting orbital pathologies. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on five patients diagnosed with orbital cellulitis at a tertiary care center in India. The cases included orbital cellulitis secondary to sinusitis, trauma, dental infections, and in an immunocompromised patient with uncontrolled diabetes. Each case was evaluated based on clinical presentation, radiological imaging (CT and MRI), bacteriological findings, and treatment outcomes. The results were compared with findings from other studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the condition. Results: Sinusitis was the most common etiology, consistent with global data, but trauma and dental infections also played significant roles. Radiological imaging, particularly CT scans, was essential in identifying abscess formation and guiding surgical intervention. MRI was crucial in cases with suspected intracranial extension. Complications such as intracranial abscess and prolonged recovery were observed, particularly in the immunocompromised patient. Multidisciplinary management, including intravenous antibiotics and timely surgical intervention, was vital in achieving favorable outcomes. Conclusion: This case series underscores the complexity of orbital cellulitis, particularly when complicated by systemic conditions or coexisting orbital pathologies. Accurate and timely diagnosis using radiological imaging, coupled with a multidisciplinary approach, is critical in managing this condition effectively. Future research should continue to explore the impact of emerging antibiotic resistance and refine treatment protocols for high-risk populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]