Prognostic Indicators in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of 24-hour Urinary Protein, eGFR, Uric Acid, Renal Pathology, and Direct Immunofluorescence Findings.

This study evaluates the prognostic significance of various biomarkers in chronic kidney disease (CKD) among 50 patients, focusing on sex prevalence, case distribution, age group distribution according to final diagnosis, proteinuria severity, and the impact of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). The findings reveal a higher prevalence of CKD in males (58%) compared to females (42%), with diabetic nephropathy(DN) being the most common diagnosis (34%). Severe proteinuria was notably higher in conditions like DN and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis(MPGN). TIN was associated with significant reductions in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), indicating severe renal impairment. Correlation analyses showed a strong negative relationship between serum creatinine and eGFR (-0.67), and a positive correlation between serum creatinine and uric acid levels (0.24), indicating reduced kidney function with higher creatinine levels. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF), particularly C3c positivity, played a crucial role in confirming diagnoses and was linked to higher levels of uric acid and 24-hour urine protein, suggesting more severe disease. These insights underscore the importance of integrating traditional biochemical markers with advanced immunopathological techniques for comprehensive CKD diagnosis and management, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]