2D and 3D Models of Cut and Cover Tunnel Section Using STAAD Pro for Bhanupali-Bilaspur-Beri Broad Gauge Railway Line: A Comparative Study.

The paper focuses on the construction methodology, design and analysis of cut and cover tunnel sections of the Bilaspur-Bhanupali-Beri broad gauge line by Rail Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL) in Himachal Pradesh. The design was carried out during the industrial internship at Altinok Consulting Engineering Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, India. The survey team developed the plan and profile of the alignment. Referring to the alignment, different L-sections were developed to identify the location of cut and cover section. To gain a clear understanding of the structural behavior and reinforcement needs, beam model and plate model of cut and cover section were created using STAAD Pro, and a comparative study of the forces between 2D and 3D models of cut and cover sections was done. The results indicate that the 2D model tends to be more conservative compared to the 3D model, which has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]