Feasibility of new energy hybrid vehicles that use ammonia as the primary source of energy.

[Display omitted] • Different efficient energy conversions of ammonia are comprehensively reviewed. • Existing work on theoretical and experimental aspects of ammonia hybrid systems for hybrid vehicles is summarized. • The possibility of ammonia hybrid systems for automotive use is recognized. • The future research direction of ammonia new energy hybrid vehicles is pointed out. Ammonia is recognized as a promising and environmentally friendly energy source. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of emerging ammonia hybrid power systems and a detailed examination of the potential applications of this technology in automotive scenarios. Firstly, it summarizes three important ammonia energy conversion technologies in hybrids: ammonia internal combustion engine (A-ICE), direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC), and ammonia decomposition, analyzing the technical characteristics and future development trends of each. Subsequently, this paper further discusses the architectural features of the new energy hybrid powertrain, highlighting the potential for a highly efficient hybrid powertrain based on the combination of the aforementioned powerplants. Currently, modeling optimization plays a crucial role in advancing research on the architecture of ammonia hybrid powertrains. The paper presents a comprehensive review of current research on energy management strategies (EMS) for hybrid vehicles. It discusses the key elements of model building, optimization objectives, and method selection in detail. Furthermore, the direction of these key elements in ammonia hybrid systems is also indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]