Water, War & Peace in the Middle East: 30 Years On.

In 1994, Water, War & Peace in the Middle East was published on these pages. Thirty years later, it is an important moment to consider what has changed, what has stayed largely the same, and how to think about the continuing role of water in the dynamic and difficult politics of the region. Freshwater resources there are scarce, variable, and every major river and groundwater basin crosses international boundaries. With some exceptions, over the last 30 years water conditions and political relationships have deteriorated, and violence has surged. The conclusion of the 1994 article remains true: "The opportunity for conflict over water in the Middle East is high, but peaceful, effective cooperation remains a goal worth striving for." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]