童年期逆境对大脑认知功能的影响——基于去偏机器学习框架的中介效应分析.

Objective To investigate the brain regions that play a key role in the impact of childhood adversity on cognitive function, based on the mediation effect analysis of debiased machine learning framework. Methods The dataset, consisting of 460 volunteers, was randomly partitioned into a training set (n=368) and a validation set (n=92). To enhance the stability of the results, this study utilized a debiased machine learning mediation analysis method to develop models and draw conclusions from the training set, which were then validated with the validation set. Finally, the Bonferroni method was employed to correct for significance in the identified brain regions. Results The experimental results for the training set and validation set were similar. The efficacy of the left superior parietal lobule was significant (validation set P<0.001), exhibiting a positive effect (validation set Effect Size=0.78). The right frontopolar cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and left inferior temporal gyrus were also significant (P<0.001 for both training set and validation set) and were identified as having a negative effect in this process (validation set Effect Size =-0.037 and -0.034, respectively). The associations between the brain regions with significant effects and cognitive function are supported by existing literature. Conclusion This study employed mediation analysis methods to investigate the mechanisms underlying the impact of childhood adversity on cognitive function. The results indicate that the left superior parietal lobule, right rostral anterior cingulate cortex, and left inferior temporal gyrus play crucial roles in the process of childhood adversity affecting cognitive function. Specifically, the left superior parietal lobule exhibits a positive effect, while the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex and left inferior temporal gyrus exhibit negative effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]