人为干扰对猕猴桃园杂草多样性 与土壤因子关系的影响.

[Objective] The study aimed to explore the relationship between weed diversity and soil factors in kiwifruit orchards under artificial disturbance, providing reference for formulating the accurate ecological weed control measures and ensuring the green production in orchards. [Method] The control and disturbed plots were set up. The a-species diversity indices and soil chemical indicators of these plot communities were measured, and the methods of redundancy analysis, canonical correspondence analysis and regression analysis were used to examine the effect of 'herbicide + manual weed control' disturbance on the coupling relationship between weed species diversity and soil factors. [Result] (i) The 25 weed species belonging to 15 families and 24 genera were recorded from five control plots, while 19 weed species belonging to 14 families and 18 genera were recorded from five disturbed plots, and the Asteraceae and Poaceae had the higher species richness. There was no significant difference in the four diversity indices between control and disturbed plots, however, the dominant weed changed from the native species Echinochloa crusgalli to the invasive species Alternanthera philoxeroides under disturbance. (ii) The redundancy analysis showed that the diversity indices had a negative relationship with soil pH, and disturbance further enhanced the determinant of pH on weed diversity. In disturbed plots, soil available phosphorus had a significant binomial fitting relationship with Simpson dominance index (R2 =0. 957, P=0.042) and Pielou evenness index (R2 =0.989, P=0.010), which all showed the convex trend. (iii) The canonical correspondence analysis showed that disturbance exacerbated the patchy aggregation distributions of weeds, and caused the determinants of weed distributions changing from soil pH and available potassium to available phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen, and led to an avoidance behavior of many weed species to the increasing nitrate nitrogen. In the canonical correspondence analysis diagram, the Digitaria sanguinalis and Solanum nigrum were all close to A. philoxeroides. [Conclusion] Maintaining a higher pH and available phosphorus content through soil improvement, planting native plants with strong resistance to prevent A. philoxeroides invasion through orchard grasses cultivation, and timely eradicating the nitrate nitrogen-preferred weeds are all beneficial for improving the quality and efficiency of weed control in kiwifruit orchards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]