Legal regime of the application process for GMO products in Türkiye.

In Türkiye, in accordance with European Union harmonization laws, the Biosafety Act No. 5977 entered into force on September 18, 2010. The basic legislation regarding the application process is composed of the Biosafety Act, Regulations on Genetically Modified Organisms and Their Products, and Regulations on Working Procedures and Principles of Biosafety Board and Committees. Biosafety legislation foresees a special application procedure for genetically modified organism (GMO) food, food products, feed, and other products. The application regulated in the Biosafety Law is a special administrative procedure in nature. The primary objective of this study is to explain the legal regime of this application procedure. While explaining this issue, relevant limitations will be discussed in detail, and solutions will be presented for such limitations. This study was divided into two parts. The first part examines the basic concepts related to the application will be examined, including its scope and nature of the application, the prohibitions, and exceptions related to the application, the applicant, and the relevant authorities. The second part focuses on the application process, covering notifications to the applicant and reasons for rejection of the application, evaluation of the application, final decision stage, and simplified procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]