An Innovative Approach to Individual Dosimetry in Yttrium-90 Transarterial Radioembolization Utilizing Cherenkov Luminescence Imaging.

Introduction: Accurate post-treatment dosimetry is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of the Yttrium-90 Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) treatment. Y-90 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging is acknowledged as the premier modality for post-TARE dosimetry. The low positron yield of Y-90 is a significant challenge for Y-90 PET image - based dosimetry. Recently, Cherenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) has been used as a new technique for Y - 90 imaging. CLI is simple and resolves some limitations with the Y-90 PET imaging. Objective: This work aimed to improve personalized dosimetry in TARE using Cherenkov Luminescence Imaging. Methods: The Monte Carlo codes GATE (version 9.2) were employed to simulate post - TARE PET imaging and CLI in the MOBY mouse phantom. The liver tumor with a 5 mm diameter was modeled in the phantom, and Y-90 was distributed uniformly within the tumor. The quality of PET and Cherenkov luminescence images was evaluated by calculating contrast and Coefficient of Variance (CV). The personalized dosimetry accuracy was estimated as Root Mean Square Errors (RMSEs) in the acquired imagebased Dose Volume Histograms (DVHs) and the reference DVHs. Results: The findings indicated that the Cherenkov luminescence image exhibited approximately 39% higher contrast and 44% lower Coefficient of Variation (CV) values than the PET image. The RMSE in Cherenkov luminescence image-based dosimetry, in comparison to PET image - based dosimetry, demonstrated a significant reduction of 51.4%. Conclusions: Our research offers compelling evidence supporting the superior precision of personalized dosimetry using CLI over PET imaging in the TARE. Our approach is readily applicable in preclinical studies and is characterized by its simplicity and effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]