血清维生素 D水平对 HIV-1感染者的影响研究.

Objective To investigate the influence of serum vitamin D levels on individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1). Methods A total of 411 treated HIV-1 infected patients undergoing HIV-1 DNA testing at the First Hospital of Changsha from January 2021 to July 2023 were included. Among them. 92 infected individuals with vitamin D deficiency were subjected to supplementary test and divided into study group (42 cases) and control group (50 cases) according to voluntary basis. Analysis included assessment of vitamin D deficiency across different demographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-1 infected individuals, comparison of serum vitamin D levels, T-cell subset levels, and HIV-1 DNA levels between the two groups, and correlation analysis of serum vitamin D levels with T-cell subsets and HIV-1 DNA levels. Results Significant differences in serum vitamin D deficiency rates were observed among HIV-1 infected individuals across different age groups, antiretroviral therapy (ART) durations, CD8+T-cell counts, and CD4/CD8 ratios(P<0.05). Individuals aged 40 years exhibited significantly lower rates of vitamin D deficiency compared to those aged 40 years(P<0.05). Serum vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with CD8+T-cell counts(r=-0.2510,P<0.05), positively correlated with CD4/CD8 ratios (r=0.1726,P<0.05), and showed no significant correlation with CD4+T-cell counts(P>0.05). Serum vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with HIV-1 DNA levels (r=-0.1022,P<0.05) and positively correlated with ART duration(r=0.1274,P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline serum vitamin D levels and T-cell subset levels between the study and control groups (P>0.05). At the 48-week follow-up, the study group showed significantly higher levels of serum vitamin D, CD4+T-cell counts, and CD8 T-cell counts compared to baseline(P<0.05),whereas the control group exhibited only higher serum vitamin D levels compared to baseline (P=0.007). Comparison of CD4+T-cell counts, CD8+T-cell counts, and CD4/CD8 ratios between the two groups at 48 weeks did not show statistically significant differences (P>0.05). At the 48-week follow-up, the study group had significantly higher serum vitamin D and CD8+T-cell counts compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Younger individuals and those in early stages of ART with HIV-1 infection tend to have relatively lower serum vitamin D levels. Supplementation with vitamin D3 may improve immune function and reduce viral reservoir levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]