Impact of 4-week endurance and resistance training on level of insulin resistance and FGf21 in heart tissue of diabetic male rats.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), known for its metabolic effects, is a potential target for treating diabetes. This study aimed to assess the FGF21 levels and insulin resistance index after resistance and endurance training in the male diabetic rat's heart tissue. Twenty-four streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats have been divided into four groups randomly: endurance training (6), resistance training (6), sham (6), and healthy (6). The endurance training group trained on the treadmill 5 sessions/week for 4 weeks, while the resistance training group trained 6 sessions/week on the ladder. Before and following the first and last training sessions, blood samples had been collected to measure FBS, FBI, and HOMA. Following the final training session, heart tissue was lysed, and we determined the level of FGF21 by ELISA technique. Within- and between-group differences were measured in FBS, FBI, and HOMA-IR through analyzing data using pairwise samples T tests and repeated-measure ANOVA test respectively and the differences in FGF21 levels between groups through a one-way ANOVA test through SPSS software. The resistance training group had more FGF21 protein than the other groups. The endurance and resistance training groups did not differ significantly (P = 0.249). However, there was a significant difference from the sham group (P = 0.008). In addition, fasting blood sugar level and insulin resistance index reduced significantly in both groups of endurance training (P = 0.001, P = 0.005) and resistance training (P = 0.004, P = 0.01), and there were no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). Both endurance and resistance training reduce fasting blood sugar and insulin resistance index. Furthermore, resistance training increases the amount of FGF21 in the heart tissue. However, there are no differences with endurance training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]