Comparative Histopathology of Endocrine Pancreas on Halogenated Type II Pyrethroid Exposure in Male Albino Mice.

Purpose: This work aimed to define the histopathological severity of fluorinated, brominated and chlorinated pyrethroid insecticides on endocrine pancreas of mice. Methods: Fourty male mice (Mus musculus) were categorized into four groups and each group containing ten animals. 0.1mL dose of corn oil was given to the vehicle contro (VC) group animals for three days. This group was kept as a reference group. The 0.1mL corn oil containing 5mg/kg dose of each insecticide such as Cypermethrin (CYP), Deltamethrin (DLT) and Lambda cyhalothrin (LC) was given to three group of mice for three days, followed by three days of none treatment. Dissection procedure was carried out at 7th day. Results: All the micrometric results and histopathological alterations have shown that pyrethroid insecticides were highly toxic to endocrine pancreatic tissues. The various histopathological sign such as strip arrangements of endocrine cells in islets, endocrine cellular necrosis mainly in the central and pericentral areas of islets and increased vacuolation in surviving endocrine cells etc. In three insecticides treated groups, there were significantly decline in the relative abundance of endocrine cells per unit area (1230µm²) such as CYP (8.8±0.25) DLT (7.5±0.23) and the LC (7.5±0.23) as compare to control group (9.7± 0.24). It indicates that type II pyrethroid insecticides are generally pancreo-toxic and they specifically target the islets of langerhans cells. Conclusions: The severity of the mentioned pathological sign in LC and DLT groups indicated that these non-dietary halogenated (fluorinated and brominated respectively) pyrethroid inflict more severe histopathological impacts on the endocrine pancreas as compare to the simple chlorinated type II pyrethroid the CYP. The findings reflects that these otherwise consider comparatively safer or less toxic insecticides for the non-target organisms like mammals have come out to be highly toxic to the endocrine tissues particularly the pancreas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]