Analysis of liquid smoke production from coconut shell material using distillation equipment with single tube heat exchanger.

The purpose of this study is to produce liquid smoke using a distillation equipment with a single tube heat exchanger. The test method was to burn coconut shell in a combustion tank. Smoke produced then distilled in a distillation tank, and finally the smoke turned into liquid smoke. The test results showed that 41.1% of the coconut shell material burned and 58.9% not burned. Burning coconut shell produced 14.32% charcoal, 11.62% liquid smoke, 2.56% ash, and 1.89% tar. The volume of liquid smoke produced was directly proportional to time and formed the equation Y = 1.3908X -88.425. The production rate of liquid smoke was strongly influenced by conditions of the combustion flame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]