Improvement of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) and N-Acetylglucosamindase (NAG) in the Kidney Following Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Administration in the Treatment of Cyclosporine A-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats.

Introduction: Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a drug used to suppress the immune system thus treating rejection of transplantation and autoimmune diseases. However, adverse effects limit its use in clinical practice. PRP is an autologous growth factor-rich product that appeared useful as a product allowing regeneration of tissues by releasing growth factors that alleviate destruction of tissues. Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were involved in this work. They were classified into four equal groups; control, sham control, CsA-treated, Cyclosporine A-PRP treated. Histological (H & E and Masson's trichrome), immunohistochemical (caspase-3 and TGFβ-1), biochemical assessment (serum urea, create, tissue level of Glutathione reductase, SOD and MDA, and tissue expression of KIM-1 and NAG) were performed. Results: In CsA treated group, renal cortex revealed shrunken segmented glomerulus with darkly stained nuclei, widened urinary space, interstitial hemorrhage, and intraluminal casts. Other sections showed hypercellular glomerulus with extremely narrow urinary space, intraglomerular hemorrhage, tubular vacuolations and karyolysis. Also, there existed too much accumulation of collagen fibers around and within glomeruli in addition to around the tubules in group III. Immunohistochemically, Sections from group III showed strong positive reaction of caspase-3 and TGFβ-1. Biochemically there was elevated serum urea, creatinine, and tissue MDA level together with decreased tissue level SOD and Glutathione reductase in group III. PRP could ameliorate histopathological nephrotoxic effects induced by CsA. As well as improving biochemical markers and gene expression values. Conclusion: PRP appeared to be a safe product and could be used to reverse the adverse effects induced by CsA administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]