Scalable deposition of MASnI2Br-based perovskite solar cells via ultrasonic spray pyrolysis.

All layers of MASnI2Br-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) were deposited by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. The depositions of the layers were carried out in a large area. The perovskite thin film deposited on FTO/TiO2 had large grains. The crystallite size of the film was calculated as 90 nm from the XRD pattern. The bandgap of 1.54 eV was determined from the UV-visible measurement of MASnI2Br thin film. The PSCs with the different active areas (0.3 cm2 and 3.18 cm2) were fabricated. The champion cells' power conversion efficiencies were recorded at 0.181% and 0.120% for 0.3 cm2 and 3.18 cm2, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]