铁锈锈斑污染对丝织品老化影响的研究.

Rust stain pollutants are one of the major diseases affecting textile relics, especially in artifacts of armors from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The composite structure of silk/iron plates exacerbates this type of damage, impacting the lifespan and aesthetic value of relics. Currently, while enough analysis regarding the aging effects of environmental factors on silk fabrics has been secured, there is limited research on the aging patterns of silk fabrics contaminated with rust stains. Investigating the aging patterns of silk fabrics contaminated with rust stains can help delay the aging process of relics, which is crucial for the long-term preservation and scientific protection of armor-like relics. The aging of silk fabrics is the result of multiple factors, including light, moisture, heat, microorganisms, pollutants, etc. In current research on the aging of silk fabrics, artificially accelerated aging methods are primarily employed, which manifest changes in morphology, mechanical properties, chemical structure, crystallinity, etc. The aging of silk fabrics is complex, and single characterization methods have limitations. Thus, it is necessary to employ multiple methods, including morphology, tensile properties, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, etc., to accurately characterize the degree of aging of silk fabrics. To understand the impact of rust stain contamination on the aging process of silk fabrics, comparative analyses were conducted under conditions of humidity, burial in soil, and UV light aging in the manuscript. The microscopic morphology, tensile properties, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy were employed to compare the differences in aging between silk fabrics contaminated with rust stains and uncontaminated silk fabrics. The study analyzed the harm caused by rust contamination and its synergistic effects with environmental aging factors on silk fabrics. Starting from the degradation status of a Qing Dynasty armor caused by rust stains, this study focused on the influence of rust stains on the aging process of silk fabrics, providing theoretical support and guidance for the cleaning of rust stains. Experimental results showed that under the same conditions of humidity, burial, and UV light aging, the degree of aging of silk fabrics contaminated with rust spots was much more severe than that of uncontaminated samples, indicating a significant synergistic effect between rust stains and environmental conditions. Scanning electron microscopy, tensile, thermogravimetric, and infrared results all demonstrated that even without environmental aging, the degree of aging of silk fabrics contaminated with rust stains was more severe than that of uncontaminated samples. Rust stains caused roughness on the surface of silk fabrics and the appearance of original fibrous filaments. Rust stains restricted the slippage between yarns and fibers, leading to a decrease in elongation at break by 16.8% and a significant deterioration in overall tensile mechanical properties. Meanwhile, infrared results showed that the presence of rust stain contaminants accelerated the chemical structure transformation of silk protein, reducing the number of free amino groups and gradually flattening the characteristic peak of amide I band. This resulted in a decrease in the thermal stability of silk fibers, with significant increases of 6.6°C and 1.1% per minute, respectively, in the temperature at the maximum rate of weight loss and the differential weight loss rate. The study on the impact of rust stains on the aging of silk fabrics clearly identifies the harmfulness of rust stains to the long-term preservation of silk fabric cultural relics, providing a theoretical basis for the long-term preservation and scientific protection of armor-like relics. The research findings will contribute to a deeper understanding of the aging degradation patterns of silk fabrics and provide reference for the study of aging patterns of silk fabrics contaminated with other types of pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]