Optimizing the performance of the photovoltaic solar panel by using a suitable tracking system in Karbala.

Renewable energy is an important and effective source of energy production in the present and the future because it is clean, available, and unlimited. Because of Iraq's proximity to the equator, solar energy is available in large quantities. However, due to some limitations, such as the problem of overheating the board, the energy cannot be extracted in large quantities. The current research paper deals with a biaxial solar tracking system. In February, the system was installed in Iraq, specifically in Karbala (longitude 44.0270 degrees, latitude 32.60010 degrees). The system consists of a photovoltaic panel, a battery, a controller,d two actuators. When compared to a solar panel fixed in the same location, the system generates 39.98% more electrical energy. Solar panels benefit from the low temperatures in winter and spring in the cooling of the panel, as the tracking system keeps it perpendicular to the sun's rays, which increases the temperature of the solar panel. In the summer, an adequate cooling process must be provided for the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]