Recent advances in sustainable agro residue utilisation, barriers and remediation for environmental management: Present insights and future challenges.

Disposal of agro residues has turn out to be a rising problem in most of the agro-based countries, subsequently leading the farmers to burn the residues in-situ. Burning biomass not only pollutes environment but also results in loss of appreciable amount of plant essential nutrients. Despite lacking practical management options, open-field burning of crop residue contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. This, along with climate change, has led the agricultural sector to explore more sustainable ways to use crop residues. As agriculture, being the centric for food production globally, the authors review the insightful techniques adopted in effective utilization of agro residues generated in various parts of the world. This review manuscript discusses the possible strategies and utilization techniques of agro residues in conventional and un-conventional methods for numerous applications. Among convention methods, techniques adopted in agro residue waste management into a) Bio-Energy and Bio-Fuel generation; b) Biogas; c) Composting Manures; d) Pulping of Papers & e) Plywoods are discussed elaboratively. Likewise, in regard to the non-conventional methods the article converses the usage of agro residues towards a) Construction; b) Adsorption and Water Purification; c) Hydrogen gas production; d) 5-hydroxymethyfurfural (HMF); e) Levulinic acid & f) Diesel Bio- Blendstock. Furthermore, it provides a detailed analysis of major barriers hindering the effective utilization of agro residues and remedies for overcoming the same with focus on sustainable future. The techniques reviewed in this manuscript, will be of utmost importance for any other agricultural depended nation to integrated the same for remarkable contribution towards sustainable development goals. [Display omitted] • Recent advance in utilisation of sustainable agro residue is critically reviewed. • The review is intended for the agro residue waste generated across countries. • Usage of agro residue is listed based on conventional & unconventional methods. • Analysis on barriers hindering effective utilization of agro residues is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]