Outage analysis of downlink communications in heterogeneous networks under backhaul constraint.

Employing multi-layer networks represents a promising approach to address the increasing demand for high data rates and efficient congestion control in cellular communication networks. This study focuses on the downlink performance of a two-tier network comprising multiple macro base stations and femto access points, where the spatial distributions of macro base stations, femto access points, and macro users follow Poisson point processes. Also, femto users are uniformly distributed within the coverage area of femto access points, each of which is subject to a backhaul constraint, limiting the number of users it can serve. Consequently, a hybrid access policy is adopted, wherein each macro user is assigned to its closest femto access point or the macro base station, based on a distance ratio criterion. Under this access model, the outage probability experienced by macro users served by femto access points is analyzed, alongside the derivation of the outage probability for macro users served by macro base stations. Both analytical derivations are further supported by computer simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]