Recent Progress of Ru Single‐Atom Catalyst: Synthesis, Modification, and Energetic Applications.

In recent years, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have become the most active part of the catalytic field due to their excellent catalytic activity. Among them, Ru SACs exhibit excellent performance in many catalytic applications due to their high atomic utilization efficiency, catalytic activity and selectivity, and relatively low cost. In order to understand the structure–performance relationship and potential catalytic mechanism of Ru SACs, this review summarizes the research progress of Ru SACs in the fields of electrocatalytic water splitting, fuel cells, nitrogen reduction, and nitrate reduction in recent years. The catalytic process of Ru single atom in different synthesis methods and modification strategies is summarized. Finally, some opportunities and challenges for the future development of Ru SACs are prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]