Perché è così difficile insegnare matematica? Strumenti per la progettazione didattica e la valutazione.

If it is still true that traditional practice risks making mathematics appear like navigating without a compass in an ocean of calculations, we need to define goals and build charts and tools for a safer and more meaningful navigation. The following reflections arise from two simple questions: do the "Indicazioni nazionali" and the Invalsi tests help us understand the reasons behind these difficulties in teaching and learning mathematics? What suggestions do they offer to improve its teaching? To find answers to these questions, the article starts with a survey of "Guidelines" and the "Reference Framework for Invalsi Mathematics tests" in order to put their suggestions to the test by developing some tools for educational planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]