Prolegómenos a una Ciencia de la Antigüedad.

The article "Preliminaries to a Science of Antiquity" is a review of the book written by David Hernández de la Fuente. The author highlights the importance of studying Antiquity and reflects on the different historiographic and ideological trends that have worked in this area. The book addresses topics such as the study of Antiquity in its beginnings, the birth of the Sciences of Antiquity, and the expansion and specialization of these disciplines in the 19th century. The importance of philology in the study of Antiquity and the difficulty of reconstructing the past due to separate copies of historical sources are also mentioned. The text analyzes the origin and development of archaeology and the study of material culture, as well as the influence of archaeological excavations in Pompeii and Herculaneum during the reign of Charles III of Spain. The crisis of European thought at the end of the 19th century and the importance of Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud in studies on Antiquity are also addressed. The new forms of studying Antiquity in the 20th century and the influence of social movements such as feminism and Black Lives Matter on the understanding of Antiquity are mentioned. The importance of the classical legacy in Western society is highlighted, and the disappearance of philology in universities is criticized. [Extracted from the article]