Chronopharmacology: A New Approach and Overview.

The majority of a mammal's physiology and behavior are time-dependent due to an innate "circadian" clock. Consequently, it is not unexpected that numerous facets of In pharmacology and medicine, the discovery of the biological clock has challenged some long-held beliefs and theories. The only way to cure diseases brought on by disruptions or dysregulation of the biological clock is to reset it. Numerous natural and lifestyle factors cause the clock to become deregulate. This review sheds light on the several chronotherapeutic medicines that have been identified and tested recently. The 24-hour clocks are also used to drive oscillations in toxicology and pharmacology.Circadian pharmacokinetics are based on daily fluctuations in the quantity of proteins required for medication absorption or metabolism; circadian pharmacodynamics are based on daily fluctuations in the physiological systems that these drugs target. The majority of bodily cells have these clocks, although they are arranged hierarchically. It's interesting to note that while some elements of physiology and behavior are directly regulated by a "slave" oscillator located in different brain areas or bodily tissues, others are regulated by a "master clock" located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]