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Association of low vitamin D level and full-term early-onset neonatal sepsis; a case-control study.
- Source :
-
Italian Journal of Pediatrics . 5/18/2024, Vol. 50 Issue 1, p1-10. 10p. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Background: Sepsis is one of the main causes of death in newborns worldwide. Vitamin D levels during fetal and neonatal periods have a significant role in the development of the immunological system. The study aims to evaluate the association between vitamin D levels and the risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis in full-term neonates in a developing country. Methods: This case–control study was conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) of Kasr Alainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The study was composed of two groups; the sepsis group involved full-term neonates appropriate for gestational age with sepsis-related clinical signs. The control group included newborns with no signs of clinical/laboratory infection within 72 h of life. Blood samples were collected on admission during the first three days of life in both groups for the measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, Complete Blood Count (CBC), C reactive protein (CRP), and blood culture. Results: Forty-five newborns with clinical and laboratory findings of early-onset neonatal sepsis within 72 h of life were enrolled, and the control group included forty-five newborns with no evidence of sepsis. Vitamin D levels in the sepsis group were significantly lower than in the control group. Apgar score at the first minute was significantly lower in the sepsis group. 57.8% of neonates with sepsis had positive blood cultures. There was a statistical difference between deficient, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D levels regarding the duration of the NICU stay, which was longer in neonates with deficient vitamin D levels. CRP was significantly higher in neonates with deficient vitamin D levels. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for serum vitamin D in the prediction of neonatal sepsis was 0.76 at a cutoff < 19.7(ng/ml). Conclusion: In the current study, full-term newborns with EOS had considerably lower vitamin D levels than healthy controls. Through appropriate vitamin supplementation of the mothers during pregnancy, it could be possible to ensure adequate vitamin D levels for newborns. This may contribute to the reduction of the risk of EOS, together with the other well-known preventive measures (i.e. breastfeeding and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *VITAMIN D deficiency
*RISK assessment
*BLOOD
*RECEIVER operating characteristic curves
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
*BLOOD cell count
*AGE factors in disease
*CELL culture
*CASE-control method
*APGAR score
*NEONATAL sepsis
*VITAMIN D
*BIOMARKERS
*C-reactive protein
*DISEASE risk factors
*DISEASE complications
*PREGNANCY
DEVELOPING countries
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 17208424
- Volume :
- 50
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Italian Journal of Pediatrics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 177311461
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-024-01665-2