A STUDY OF URINE PROTEIN CREATININE RATIO AS AN EARLIER PREDICTOR IN DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY.

A chronic microvascular consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic nephropathy (DN) can affect the kidneys. Micro albuminuria and impaired renal function, as shown by a reduction in glomerular filtration and rise in serum urea and creatinine levels, are hallmarks of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), which is a subtype of nephropathy caused by Diabetes. One of the initial markers of DN is called microalbuminuria. In order to stop the progression of Diabetic Nephropathy, effective screening procedures are essential for early identification and care. Aim & Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate the correlation between diabetic and nondiabetic participants' blood levels of urea and creatinine, as well as their blood glucose levels, in order to determine the diagnostic value of these parameters in the context of diabetic nephropathy and to compare these parameters to glycaemic status. Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted among 100 patients of type- 2 DM admitted in the medical ward GGH Hospital Kurnool, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RFT, FBS, PPBS, HbA1c. Urine analysis for ACR from random urine sample and 24-hours urine protein from 24-hour urine sample were done. Results; 100 people who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus; of them, 67 were males and 33 were females. The mean age was 52.67 ±11.5 years old, and the duration of diabetes mellitus was10.02±3.20 years. The average glycosylated haemoglobin was 8.78 ±1.54 percent, and the fasting blood glucose was 193.25± 82.23mg/dl. Post prandial blood sugar was 220.56±12.76. Mean eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²) was 65.39±4.09. Mean Urinary protein (mg/dl) was 385.23±65.23. Mean Urine creatinine (mg/dl) was 125.23±25.29. Mean Urine protein creatinine ratio was 3.35±1.56. Among 100 patients 14 patients had minimal proteinuria of (<1 g/day), 38 patients had moderate proteinuria (1- 3g/day), 48 patients had heavy proteinuria (>3g/day) Conclusions: The P C ratio of a random urine sample can give a very helpful, simple, and convenient approach for the quantitative assessment of proteinuria, for judging the level of kidney damage, and for avoiding the problems of the 24 - hr urine collections. Hence urine protein creatinine ratio as an earlier predictor in diabetic nephropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]