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Effect of Daily Vitamin D Supplementation on Risk of Upper Respiratory Infection in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Authors :
Camargo, Carlos A
Schaumberg, Debra A
Friedenberg, Georgina
Dushkes, Rimma
Glynn, Robert J
Gold, Diane R
Mora, Samia
Lee, I Min
Buring, Julie E
Manson, JoAnn E
Source :
Clinical Infectious Diseases. 5/15/2024, Vol. 78 Issue 5, p1162-1169. 8p.
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

Background Among individuals with vitamin D deficiency, daily vitamin D supplementation appears to lower risk of acute respiratory infection. However, recent trials, in different populations and using different regimens, have yielded null results. We investigated the effect of daily vitamin D supplementation (vs placebo) on risk of upper respiratory infection (URI) in older adults. Methods The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of supplemental vitamin D and/or omega-3 fatty acids in generally healthy men (age ≥50 years) and women (age ≥55 years). This prespecified analysis focuses on vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day) versus placebo in the 15 804 (61%) participants with baseline serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. The primary outcome was self-report of a recent URI at 1-year follow-up. Results Participants had a mean age of 68 years and 51% were women; 76% were non-Hispanic White, 16% Black, and 8% other race/ethnicity. The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D level at baseline was 31 (standard deviation, 10) ng/mL, with <12 ng/mL in 2.4%. The overall effect of vitamin D supplementation on recent URI was nonsignificant (odds ratio [OR], 0.96 [95% confidence interval {CI},.86–1.06]). In the prespecified subgroup of primary interest (<12 ng/mL and denied taking concurrent vitamin D), which had only 255 participants, vitamin D supplementation was nonsignificant (OR, 0.60 [95% CI,.28–1.30]). Statistical power to assess effect modification in other subgroups was limited. Conclusions In older adults not selected for vitamin D deficiency, supplemental vitamin D did not lower URI risk overall. Whether effects differ in subgroups requires further study. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01169259. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
10584838
Volume :
78
Issue :
5
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
177249814
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad770