Continuous catalytic production of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone: Sustainable approach combining perfusion cultures and immobilized cells.

[Display omitted] • System built with hollow fiber columns & perfusion culture technology. • Dynamic model established for ICSS system. • Regeneration processes extend cell lifetime. • DHA yield: 1237.8 g, up 485.0 %; Conversion rate: 97.7 %. Currently, the predominant method for the industrial production of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA) from glycerol involves fed-batch fermentation. However, previous research has revealed that in the biocatalytic synthesis of DHA from glycerol, when the DHA concentration exceeded 50 g·L−1, it significantly inhibited microbial growth and metabolism, posing a challenge in maintaining prolonged and efficient catalytic production of DHA. In this study, a new integrated continuous production and synchronous separation (ICSS) system was constructed using hollow fiber columns and perfusion culture technology. Additionally, a cell reactivation technique was implemented to extend the biocatalytic ability of cells. Compared with fed-batch fermentation, the ICSS system operated for 360 h, yielding a total DHA of 1237.8 ± 15.8 g. The glycerol conversion rate reached 97.7 %, with a productivity of 3.44 g·L−1·h−1, representing 485.0 % increase in DHA production. ICSS system exhibited strong operational characteristics and excellent performance, indicating significant potential for applications in industrial bioprocesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]