Two novel polysaccharides from Huangshui: Purification, structure, and bioactivities.

In this study, the novel polysaccharides named HSP-0 M and HSP-0.1 M were successfully purified from Huangshui (HS), and their structural properties and bioactivities were investigated. Structural analysis revealed that HSP-0 M had a molecular weight of 493.87 kDa and was composed of arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and mannose in a molar ratio of 1.48:1.09:26.52:1.33:1.00. On the other hand, HSP-0.1 M was made up of fructose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, ribose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid in a ratio of 2.67:26.00:29.10:36.83:16.22:30.53:1.00:1.43:3.64 with a molecular weight of 157.6 kDa. Methylated and 2D NMR analyses indicated that T-Glc p -(1 → 4)-Glc p -(1 → 2)-Glc p -(1 → 3)-Glc p was the primary chain of HSP-0 M, and the backbone of HSP-0.1 M was made up of →3)-Gal p -(1 → 6)-Man p -(1 → 3)-Glc p -(1 → 6)-Glc p -(1 → 2)-Man p -(1 → 6)-Glc p -(1 → 3)-Gal p. Morphological research showed that both polysaccharides were homogeneous as well as exhibit a web-like structure and an irregular lamellar structure. Furthermore, HSP-0 M demonstrated the capacity to safeguard Lactococcus lactis from damage caused by low temperatures and freeze-drying, while HSP-0.1 M exhibited noteworthy antioxidant activity. These results established a theoretical foundation for the applications of HSPs in food products, cosmetics, and medicines. • Two novel polysaccharides (HSP-0 M and HSP-0.1 M) from Huangshui were purified. • The structures and morphologies of two HSPs were comprehensively elaborated. • Bioactivities with antioxidant, cryoprotective and lyophilized protective activities of two HSPs were investigated. • HSP-0.1 M exhibited significant antioxidant activity. • HSP-0 M presented cryoprotective and freeze-drying protective effects on L. lactis MG1363. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]