Tuneable double negative (DNG) Tri-Hexagonal split ring resonator metamaterial for 5G application.

• Compact Tunable negative Metamaterial for enhancing 5G network performance. • Frequency-Tunable Tri-Hexagon and Tri-Square Split Ring Resonator for Bandwidth Optimization. • Empowering 5G with Double Negative (DNG) Properties. • Fabrication of the proposed metamaterial experimental result to verify the overall performance. This paper introduces a compact tuneable metamaterial (MTM) unit cell featuring a tri-hexagon and tri-square split ring resonator (THTSSSR) structure designed for 5G communication applications. Metamaterials are employed to achieve unique electromagnetic properties not found in natural materials. The design process involves the arrangement of three square rings and three hexagon rings as metallic patches on a Rogers substrate (RT 5880), measuring 7 x 7 mm2 with a thickness of 1.575 mm. The proposed design exhibits double negative (DNG) properties, with resonances in the transmission coefficient (S21) at 3.493 GHz and a bandwidth of −10 dB covering frequencies between 3.057 and 3.711 GHz. Numerical simulations conducted using finite-integration techniques (FIT) in CST Microwave Studio validate the design's effectiveness, with confirmation through the Advanced Design System (ADS). The MTM unit cell demonstrates tuneable attributes, including negative permittivity ranging from 3.39 to 5 GHz and negative permeability from 3.39 to 3.86 GHz. These findings highlight the compactness and tunability of the proposed design, making it promising for 5G communication applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]