Study the morphological properties of carbonates minerals for clay fraction sedimentary, Tigris and Euphrates rivers-Iraq.

In order to study the morphological properties and the presence of carbonate minerals in the fine and coarse clay separated, two soils representing the sediments of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers were chosen to represent them. The Physical and chemical analyzes were conducted on it, the clay was separated by sedimentation, which was divided into two treatments with the presence and absence of carbonate minerals. The separated clay models were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the purpose of studying the morphology properties of clay minerals. The following results were found:there is a discrepancy in the percentage of Calcite minerals in the Tigris River, and its percentage was higher than that of in the fine clay, while this case differed in the Euphrates sediments, as the Calcite mineral excelled in the coarse clay separated, in general, Calcite mineral was higher in the sediments of the Euphrates River than in the Tigris River. Also the presence of Dolomite mineral in the fine clay separated in the Tigris sediment, while it was not present in the coarse clay fraction. This situation was reflected in the sediment of the Euphrates River, as the mineral Dolomite was present in the coarse clay separated and was not present in the fine clay separated, and the sediment of the Tigris River were the highest in the percentage of Dolomite mineral. The results of the (SEM) showed that the Carbonate minerals partially cover the mineral crystals or act as a welding material between two or more crystals in the sediments of the Tigris River, while the Carbonate minerals completely cover some mineral crystals in the sediments of the Euphrates River, and this is due to the increase in the percentage of Carbonate minerals in the sediments of the Euphrates River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]