A Review of Sickle Cell Disease in Kenya.

This article provides a review of sickle cell disease (SCD) in Kenya, focusing on the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of the disease. SCD is a genetic disorder characterized by a mutation in the hemoglobin molecule, and its distribution in Kenya is influenced by the evolution of the sickle cell mutation in response to malaria. The prevalence of SCD varies by region in Kenya, with higher rates in malaria-endemic areas. Diagnosis and management involve screening, early intervention, and comprehensive care, although access to resources and pain management remain challenges. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only proven treatment, but it is not routinely conducted in Kenya, and patients who can afford it are referred to international centers. Efforts are being made to improve the diagnosis and treatment of SCD in Kenya through training programs and collaborative initiatives. Newer treatment options, such as l-Glutamine, voxelotor, and crizanlizumab, show promise but have not been evaluated in low-income and malaria-endemic regions like Kenya. Gene therapy is also considered a potential cure for SCD in sub-Saharan Africa, but more research is needed. Despite the challenges, efforts to reduce the burden of SCD in Kenya have increased in recent years. [Extracted from the article]