LOS PADRES DE LA IGLESIA ANTE LA GUERRA.

This article analyzes the perspective of the Church Fathers on war and its relationship with Roman society. It emphasizes that peace is considered a matter that concerns the entire society and addresses the problem of war from the governance of violence in an imperfect world. The role of the Empire in spreading the gospel message is recognized, and the intramundane sphere is assumed as the realm in which work must be done to ensure its support. Various Christian authors, such as Justin, Tatian, Athenagoras, Melito, Clement of Alexandria, Hippolytus, Origen, Minucius Felix, and Tertullian, reflect on war and peace from different perspectives, but generally emphasize the importance of peace and non-violence for followers of Jesus. Some also recognize the usefulness of the Roman government and advocate for collaboration between the Church and the State. The stance of the Church Fathers towards war varies, from loyalty to power to the prohibition of participation in war. With Emperor Constantine, the stance towards war changes and the condemnation of military service is softened. Eusebius of Caesarea highlights Constantine's Christian piety in contrast to the impiety of other emperors. Ambrose and Augustine consider peace preferable to war, although they recognize the responsibility of the State in preserving its integrity. Ambrose stigmatizes violence and murder, while Augustine criticizes bloodshed in conquest wars. In conclusion, the pre-Constantinian Fathers seek a possible and realistic peace and recognize the importance of the Church's presence in the imperial institutional machinery. [Extracted from the article]