Synthesis of Bupivacaine Adsorbed Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its In-Vitro Local Anesthetic, Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity Against Dental Implant Pathogens.

The present work proposed an easy, one-pot and green strategy for graphene oxide deoxygenation with the help of quercetin, which acts as a reducing agent in presence of bupivacaine. The Characterization results such as Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy revealed the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and its adsorption with bupivacaine. TEM analysis revealed the formation of transparent and thin silk-like graphene sheets. The deoxygenation of GO to RGO was represented by the analysis of XPS and XRD. Furthermore, the local anesthetic activity was studied in guinea pig and frogs, which revealed the substantial local anesthetic activity of prepared BRGO. Additionally, the local anaesthesia recovery for BRGO treatments was found to be 33%, 67% and 100% at a dose of 40 mg, 20 mg and 10 mg, respectively Also, the antimicrobial studies performed using the MTT assay, CFU enumeration, and growth curve analysis, revealed that BRGO exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against dental pathogens. The microbial cell activity was decreased with increase in BRGO concentration from 20 to 80 µg/mL. Additionally, MTT results exhibited a dose dependent decrease in bacterial survival rate with increase in BRGO concentration from 20 to 80 µg/mL. These findings suggest that BRGO could serve as a promising antibacterial material for dental care and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]