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Removal of sulfonamide antibiotics by non-free radical dominated peroxymonosulfate oxidation catalyzed by cobalt-doped sulfur-containing biochar from sludge.
- Source :
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Journal of Hazardous Materials . Mar2024, Vol. 466, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p. - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- The reuse of activated sludge as a solid waste is severely underutilized due to the limitations of traditional treatment and disposal methods. Given that, the sulfur-containing activated sludge catalyst doped with cobalt (SK-Co(1.0)) was successfully prepared by one-step pyrolysis and calcinated at 850 ℃. The generation of CoS x was successfully characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), indicating that the sulfur inside the sludge was the anchoring site for the externally doped cobalt. Cobalt (Ⅱ) (Co2+), as the main adsorption site for peroxymonosulfate(PMS), formed a complex (SK-Co(1.0)-PMS*) and created the conditions for the generation of surface radicals. The SK-Co(1.0)/PMS system showed high degradation efficiency and apparent rate constants for Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) (91.56% and 0.187 min−1) and Sulfadiazine (SDZ) (90.73% and 0.047 min−1) within 10 min and 30 min, respectively. Three sites of generation of 1O 2 , which played a dominant role in the degradation of SMX and SDZ in the SK-Co(1.0)/PMS system, were summarized as:sulfur vacancies (SVs), the Co3+/Co2+ cycles promoted by sulfur(S) species, oxygen-containing functional groups (C-O). The degradation mechanisms and pathways had been thoroughly investigated using DFT calculations. In view of this, a new idea for the resource utilization of activated sludge solid waste was provided and a new strategy for wastewater remediation was proposed. [Display omitted] • Sulfur inside activated sludge anchored exogenous cobalt. • In-solution and surface radicals were generated by (SK-Co(1.0)-PMS*). • Multiple modes generated the dominant 1O 2. • The degradation product from SDZ and SMX obtained low ecotoxicity. • DFT calculation was used to explain the degradation mechanism and path. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03043894
- Volume :
- 466
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 175362638
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133535