Comprehensive Review of Thermomechanical Fractional Injury Device: Applications in Medical and Cosmetic Dermatology.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to review the current and emerging dermatological applications of the novel thermomechanical fractional injury (TMFI) device, Tixel® (Novoxel, Netanya, Israel). METHODS: A systematic review of PubMed using the search terms of "Tixel", "thermomechanical fractional", ["thermomechanical ablation" and "skin"], and ["thermomechanical ablation" and "dermatology"]. RESULTS: Thirty-six articles matched our inquiry. Fifteen articles did not meet inclusion criteria. Of the remaining 21 articles, eight were related to device-assisted drug delivery, seven related to photoaging, and seven related to scientific/preclinical exploration. Preclinical studies have shown ablative and nonablative microchannel formation similar to that of CO2 laser but without charring, with clinical studies demonstrating efficacy for a wide range of applications including rhytides, hypertrophic scarring, infantile hemangiomas, and acne/rosacea. The treatment is well tolerated with minimal discomfort and downtime, showing promise for pain-averse and pediatric populations. Few adverse events have been reported, with a high degree of safety demonstrated in all Fitzpatrick types. LIMITATIONS: Heterogeneous result reporting among studies. Limited number of randomized controlled trials. CONCLUSION: Tixel® is an emerging TMFI device with a wide range of current and potential applications, including deviceassisted drug delivery and treatment of rhytides, photoaging, and scars among other conditions. The device has both ablative and non-ablative settings and has been safely used in all Fitzpatrick skin types. Larger and randomized controlled trials are needed to compare this device to current standard of care treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]