Vitamin D status and cardiovascular risk in individuals with metabolic syndrome.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is a set of metabolic disorders that are considered cardiovascular risk factors. It is estimated that individuals with metabolic syndrome are three times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease. Inadequate vitamin D status has shown multiple pathophysiological mechanisms that suggest an involvement in the development of cardiovascular disease. Objective: To evaluate the association between vitamin D status and the risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 161 adult individuals diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and biochemical analyzes were performed, including serum 25(OH)D status. The established criterion for classifying 25(OH)D status was deficient < 20 ng/mL; insufficient = 29 ng/mL and sufficient = 30 ng/mL. Furthermore, the absolute risk of developing cardiovascular disease was assessed using the Framingham Risk Score. Results: The mean 25(OH)D concentration was 29.7 (21-34) ng/mL, indicating insufficient 25(OH)D status in the population. There was no association between vitamin D status and cardiovascular risk in subjects with metabolic syndrome (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no association between inadequate 25(OH)D status and increased cardiovascular risk in individuals with metabolic syndrome. However, these results reinforce the importance of clinical monitoring to prevent the impacts of hypovitaminosis D in individuals with metabolic syndrome and the development of new studies to assess the relationship between 25(OH)D status and cardiovascular risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]