68Ga-prostate specific membrane antigen-11 PET/CT versus multiparametric MRI in the detection of primary prostate cancer: A systematic review and head-to-head comparative meta-analysis.

• This study constitutes a pioneering advancement as the first systematic review and meta -analysis assessing the diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and mpMRI for prostate cancer in a head-to-head comparison. • This meta -analysis concludes that both 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and mpMRI have similar diagnostic performance in detecting primary prostate cancer. • Clinicians should carefully consider the advantages and limitations associated with each imaging technique when making decisions about the most appropriate method to employ. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two diagnostic methods, 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and mpMRI, in detecting primary prostate cancer without limitations on the Gleason score. We conducted a comprehensive literature review, searching databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until June 2023. Our objective was to identify studies that compared the efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and mpMRI in detecting primary prostate cancer. To determine heterogeneity, the I2 statistic was used. Meta-regression analysis and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis were conducted to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. Initially, 1286 publications were found, but after careful evaluation, only 16 studies involving 1227 patients were analyzed thoroughly. The results showed that the 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT method had a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.87 (95 % CI: 0.80–0.92) and 0.80 (95 % CI: 0.69–0.89), respectively, for diagnosing prostatic cancer. Similarly, the values for mpMRI were determined as 0.84 (95 % CI: 0.75–0.92) and 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.61–0.86), respectively. There were no significant differences in diagnostic effectiveness observed when comparing two primary prostate cancer methodologies (pooled sensitivity P = 0.62, pooled specificity P = 0.50). Despite this, the funnel plots showed symmetry and the Egger test results (P values > 0.05) suggested there was no publication bias. After an extensive meta -analysis, it was found that both 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and mpMRI demonstrate similar diagnostic effectiveness in detecting primary prostate cancer. Future larger prospective studies are warranted to investigate this issue further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]